I would like to get a better understanding of my microcontroller by knowing what each pin does.

A lot :D...

Seriously though, download the datasheet and start reading. Most all the pins on the microcontroller are multifunctional depending on how you set the chip up to be used. The datasheet can be your best friend when it comes to knowing the capabilities of the small computer we call a microcontroller. If you have specific questions, we may be able to be of more help :)

Rick

It can also confuse the daylights out of you. Best advice is to take your time and don't try to rush through it.

Most of the pins default to general-purpose IO pins, but there is one chapter in the datasheet that specifically gives an overview of the alternative functions of each pin, by port. Look for that. But it is a dense read.

Oh ok. Thanks.